TEVAR

Introduction to TEVAR

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat thoracic aortic aneurysms and other complications of the thoracic aorta. This procedure involves placing a stent graft within the thoracic aorta to reinforce the weakened area and prevent rupture.

Conditions Treated with TEVAR

TEVAR is used to treat various conditions affecting the thoracic aorta, including:

• Thoracic aortic aneurysms
• Aortic dissections
• Traumatic aortic injury
• Aortic ulcers
• Penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers

Diagnostic Evaluation

Before TEVAR, patients undergo several diagnostic tests to assess the size, location, and severity of the aortic condition:

• Computed tomography (CT) angiography for detailed images of the aorta.
• Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to visualize the aorta and surrounding blood vessels.
• Ultrasound imaging to assess blood flow and detect any abnormalities.
• Physical examination and medical history review to evaluate symptoms and risk factors.

Patient Preparation

Preparing for TEVAR involves several steps to ensure patient safety and procedural success:

• Discussion of the procedure, risks, and benefits with the healthcare team.
• Pre-procedural instructions, including fasting and medication adjustments.
• Consent process to confirm patient understanding and agreement.

The TEVAR Procedure

The TEVAR procedure involves the following steps:

• Accessing the femoral arteries through small incisions in the groin.
• Inserting a catheter and guiding it to the thoracic aorta.
• Deploying the stent graft to reinforce the weakened aortic wall.
• Ensuring proper placement and blood flow using imaging techniques.

Post-procedure Care

After TEVAR, patients require close monitoring and care to ensure recovery:

• Monitoring vital signs and recovery from anesthesia.
• Observation for potential complications such as bleeding or infection.
• Encouragement of early mobility and gradual resumption of activities.
• Medication management to prevent blood clots and support healing.

Benefits of TEVAR

TEVAR offers several advantages over traditional open surgery for thoracic aortic repair:

• Minimally invasive approach with smaller incisions and less pain.
• Shorter recovery time and hospital stay.
• Reduced risk of complications and faster return to normal activities.

Risks and Complications

While TEVAR is generally safe, it carries risks of potential complications:

• Endoleak (persistent blood flow into the aneurysm sac).
• Stent graft migration or failure.
• Infection at the incision site.
• Kidney damage due to contrast dye used in imaging.

Follow-up Care

Regular follow-up appointments are crucial for monitoring the success of the TEVAR procedure and overall vascular health:

• Periodic imaging studies to check stent graft position and detect any endoleaks.
• Assessment of kidney function and other vital signs.
• Lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, to support cardiovascular health.
• Continued education and support for patients and caregivers.

Conclusion

Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR) at IHLD Delhi Hospital offers a minimally invasive solution for patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms and other complications, utilizing advanced techniques and personalized care to ensure optimal outcomes and improve quality of life.